AdultLingo日语课程 › 第 4 部分 › 第 20 单元
💢 日语：愤怒、发泄与情绪爆发
像母语者一样表达沮丧和愤怒。
🌐 目前，本页和应用中的课程内容（词义、注释和讲解）仍以英文呈现，界面已是中文。
“Summer 2000, Japan route: rain in Yokohama, a dead phone, and a dinner table that has my whole life planned. I'm done being polite about it. Let's learn to lose our temper properly.” — Rose，本单元的主持人
免费练习这个单元 ➔日语核心单词和短语
| 日语 | 词义 |
|---|---|
| 本当hontō | really, truly |
| イライラiraira | irritated, on edge (イライラする) |
| 指図しないでsashizu shinaide | don't tell me what to do |
| ついてないtsuitenai | out of luck |
| ありえないarienai | unbelievable, no way |
| 雨ame | rain |
| 遅刻chikoku | being late |
| うそuso | no way! (lit. a lie) |
| びしょ濡れbishonure | soaked through |
| 我慢gaman | holding back, putting up with it |
| ストレス発散sutoresu hassan | blowing off steam |
| 怒るokoru | to get angry |
| なんでnande | why (casual) |
| 頭に来るatama ni kuru | to make your blood boil, piss you off |
| あの人ano hito | that person, that guy |
| キレるkireru | to snap, lose it (slang) |
| 叫ぶsakebu | to scream, shout |
| 八つ当たりyatsuatari | taking it out on someone else |
| 文句monku | complaint |
| 思いっきりomoikkiri | with all your might |
| 仲直りnakanaori | making up (after a fight) |
| 許すyurusu | to forgive |
| 謝るayamaru | to apologize |
| 冷静reisei | calm, level-headed |
| わけじゃないwake ja nai | it's not that… |
| 本音honne | what you really feel, your true opinion |
| 建前tatemae | the polite front you show (vs 本音) |
| テレカtereka | phone card for public phones (short for テレホンカード) |
| 失礼ですがshitsurei desu ga | excuse me, but… (polite cushion) |
| 席を外すseki o hazusu | to step away from the table, leave your seat |
例句
His mom is so annoying.
I'm so irritated right now.
No way, the bus left!
That guy really pisses me off.
Tonight I want to scream my lungs out.
It's okay. Take a deep breath.
I'm not angry at you, Jack.
本单元的一段对话
Yokohama port day, summer 2000, in the rain. Rose and Jack reach the tour-bus stop by Yamashita Park just as the bus pulls away.
Rose: もう、ありえない！バス、行っちゃった。Ugh, unbelievable! The bus has gone.
Jack: え、次のバスは？What, when's the next bus?
Rose: 一時間後だって。しかも、この雨！In an hour, apparently. And on top of that, this rain!
Jack: じゃあ、中華街まで歩こうか。傘は一本しかないけど。Then shall we walk to Chinatown? There's only one umbrella, though.
Jack: どうぞ。全部聞くよ。Go ahead. I'll hear all of it.
Rose: まず、あの人のお父さん。朝から三回もポケベル鳴らしてきたの。First, his father. He's paged me three times since this morning.
文化笔记
Breakfast on deck. Rose tells an older Japanese passenger about her fiancé's family. The woman pats her hand and says: "我慢、我慢。" What is she telling Rose?
Bear it patiently: quiet endurance is seen as a strength.
Across Japan, 我慢 (gaman), bearing something hard patiently and without complaint, is widely admired as maturity and self-control; parents say "我慢しなさい" to children, and friends say "我慢、我慢" to each other. It is often kind advice. But it can also mean swallowing a problem that needs saying out loud, and friends can release you from it: 我慢しなくていいよ.
像本地人一样说： 我慢しなくていいよ。 — You don't have to put up with it.
After the captain's dinner, a Japanese couple Rose has just met say goodbye: "ぜひ今度、うちに遊びに来てくださいね。" ("Do come and visit us sometime.") They give no address and no date. How should Rose take the invitation?
As a warm, polite goodbye (建前), not necessarily a real plan.
In Japan, people distinguish 本音 (what you really feel) from 建前 (the polite face you show to keep things smooth). A vague "come and visit sometime" is often 建前: friendly, sincere as a gesture, but not a booking. A real invitation comes with a date. Among close friends you are expected to drop the 建前, and asking which one you are hearing is a joke between friends, not a question for strangers.
像本地人一样说： それって本音？それとも建前？ — Is that what you really think, or just being polite?
Yokohama, summer 2000. Rose's keitai battery is dead, and she needs to call the ship. There's a green public phone outside a kiosk, and a sign in the kiosk window: テレカ. What does Rose need to buy?
A prepaid telephone card for the public phone.
In Japan from the 1980s on, the telephone card (テレホンカード, テレカ for short) was the usual way to pay at a public phone: a prepaid magnetic card you slide into the slot, sold at kiosks, konbini and vending machines. Cards with pictures were given away as gifts and promotions, and many people collected them. Payphones are rarer since keitai took over, but they are still there, especially for emergencies.
像本地人一样说： すみません、テレカ一枚ください。 — Excuse me, one phone card, please.
Karaoke night on board. A Japanese passenger tells Rose that in Japan, people go to karaoke after a bad day at work, sometimes alone. Which is true of karaoke in Japan?
It was invented in Japan, and singing your heart out is a classic way to blow off steam.
Karaoke was invented in Japan in the early 1970s; the word is カラ (empty) + オケ (orchestra), the band without a singer. Across Japan, karaoke boxes rent private rooms by the hour, so you can sing, shout and blow off steam (ストレス発散) with friends, colleagues, or on your own, which is common enough to have a name: ヒトカラ, "solo karaoke".
像本地人一样说： カラオケでストレス発散しよう！ — Let's blow off some steam at karaoke!
At dinner, the next table goes quiet: a passenger has just shouted at a steward over a spilled drink. Someone near Rose whispers: "急にキレたね。" What happened, and how does it come across?
He suddenly snapped and lost his temper, and in Japan that looks like a loss of self-control.
キレる, "to snap", comes from 切れる, "to break, be cut", like a cord giving way; it became everyday slang in the 1990s. In Japan, blowing up in public, especially at staff who can't answer back, makes the shouter look childish rather than strong, and a calm, quiet complaint gets further. After you snap, the line is "ごめん、ついキレちゃった", "sorry, I just snapped."
像本地人一样说： ごめん、ついキレちゃった。 — Sorry, I just snapped.
系统地学
在应用里，Rose会用简短的课程带你学完这个单元：选择题、配对和拼词造句，配有音频，还有听力场景、会根据你的回复变化的聊天、察言观色的选择、文化卡片和一集短剧。学过的单词会在你快要忘记之前回来复习。完全免费，无需账号：学习进度保存在你的浏览器里。
免费开始学日语 ➔← 日语：日常脏话与粗口 · 日语：讽刺、毒舌与怼走骚扰者 →