AdultLingo日语课程 › 第 4 部分 › 第 19 单元
🤬 日语：日常脏话与粗口
听懂日常脏话，以及每句的分量有多重。
🌐 目前，本页和应用中的课程内容（词义、注释和讲解）仍以英文呈现，界面已是中文。
“Friday night in Tokyo, and the last train just left without us. Perfect time for a lesson: Japanese doesn't have many swear words, so every one of them lands. I'll teach you what they mean and how hard they hit.” — Joe，本单元的主持人
免费练习这个单元 ➔日语核心单词和短语
| 日语 | 词义 |
|---|---|
| くそkuso | shit, damn (crude) |
| ちくしょうchikushō | dammit! (at bad luck, rough) |
| 切れるkireru | to run out (battery), to be cut |
| 暑いatsui | hot (weather) |
| くそ暑いkuso atsui | fucking hot (crude) |
| 最悪saiaku | the worst, this sucks |
| マジmaji | seriously, for real (slang) |
| マジかmaji ka | are you serious? |
| やばいyabai | insane, amazing / oh crap (slang) |
| めっちゃmeccha | super, so (slang) |
| うまいumai | tasty (casual) |
| うざいuzai | annoying (rude slang) |
| あいつaitsu | that guy (rough) |
| むかつくmukatsuku | to be pissed off |
| だるいdarui | what a drag, sluggish |
| めんどくさいmendokusai | such a hassle |
| 本人honnin | the person themself |
| ふざけんなfuzakenna | are you fucking kidding me / don't mess with me (confrontational) |
| ごめんgomen | sorry (casual) |
| 言い過ぎるiisugiru | to say too much, go too far |
| かなkana | I wonder (soft ending) |
| てめえtemē | you (hostile, fighting word) |
| しまったshimatta | oops, shoot |
| お前omae | you (rough: fine between close guy friends, rude to anyone else) |
| 舌打ちshitauchi | a tongue click (rude show of irritation) |
| 改札kaisatsu | ticket gate (at a station) |
| 汚い言葉kitanai kotoba | swear words, foul language |
例句
Dammit, my phone’s dead.
Dammit I forgot my wallet
Seriously, this is so good.
Isn't this place amazing
He’s so loud, it seriously pisses me off.
Don't say it in front of him
Sorry, did I go too far?
Teach me more swear words
本单元的一段对话
One in the morning, a ramen counter near Shinjuku Station. The last train is long gone, and Joe has just taken his first slurp.
Joe: うわ、これ、くそうまい！Whoa, this is fucking delicious!
Anya: え？くそ？怒ってるの？What? Kuso? Are you angry?
Joe: 怒ってないよ。ここの「くそ」は「めっちゃ」って意味。I'm not angry. Here くそ just means めっちゃ, "super".
Anya: じゃあ……このスープ、くそ熱い！So… this soup is fucking hot!
Anya: 会社では言わない。ジョーの前だけ。Not at work. Only in front of you, Joe.
Joe: ハハ、それでいい。Ha, that'll do.
文化笔记
Anya has written a list: she wants Joe to teach her the worst Japanese swear words. He reads it and laughs. What does Joe tell her about swearing in Japanese?
There are only a few real swear words: most rudeness lives in rough pronouns like お前 and てめえ, and in tone.
Japan: Japanese has far fewer swear words than English, and few of them are about sex or religion. Much of the rudeness sits in how you say "you". お前 is the rough "you" guys use with close friends, and a put-down to anyone else; てめえ, a slurred 手前, is a fighting word. Pick the wrong "you" and you've sworn without a single bad word.
像本地人一样说： お前とてめえは、相手を選んで。 — Choose who you say お前 and てめえ to.
At the ramen counter, Anya's friend Yui sips the broth, closes her eyes and says: くそうまい！ What does Yui mean?
It's really, really good: くそ boosts the adjective.
Japan: くそ (literally "crap") works as a prefix that cranks an adjective up, like "damn" or "fucking" in English: くそ暑い, くそ眠い and, for good things, くそうまい. Online it's often written クソ in katakana. It's crude but common among friends, especially younger people; at work, say すごく or とても instead.
像本地人一样说： このラーメン、くそうまい。 — This ramen is fucking delicious.
Anya's coworker, in her twenties, tries a new konbini dessert and says やばい. Anya can't tell if she loves it or hates it. How should Anya read it?
Probably as delight: やばい now covers anything extreme, and her face and tone decide which way.
Japan: やばい started out meaning risky or dangerous, and many older speakers still use it that way. Over the last few decades younger people have stretched it to anything extreme, so やばい、めっちゃうまい！ is high praise. It's slang, not swearing: fine with friends, too casual for a client.
像本地人一样说： やばい、めっちゃうまい！ — Oh my god, this is so good!
Outside the station, two strangers argue over a taxi. One of them has been using です・ます; suddenly he switches to plain casual speech. What does the switch tell Joe?
Things just got hostile: dropping polite forms with a stranger is an insult in itself.
Japan: with strangers, customers and anyone older or senior, です・ます is the baseline. Dropping into タメ口 (casual speech, literally "equals' talk") without being invited says "I don't respect you"; in an argument it's the moment things turn. Between friends the same switch is warmth, so the insult is in the mismatch, not the words.
像本地人一样说： え、いきなりタメ口？ — Wait, you're talking to me like that now?
On a packed late train, Anya bumps a man's arm. He says nothing; he just clicks his tongue: チッ. How rude is that click in Japan?
Very: a 舌打ち is an open show of irritation, and many people find it ruder than a word.
Japan: 舌打ち (the tongue click, written チッ) is a loud, deliberate sign of irritation. Because people rarely swear at strangers, the click often does the swearing for them. Aimed at a customer or a boss it's a serious insult. The best answer from you: a quick すみません, and move on.
像本地人一样说： 舌打ちされた……最悪。 — Someone clicked their tongue at me… this sucks.
系统地学
在应用里，Joe会用简短的课程带你学完这个单元：选择题、配对和拼词造句，配有音频，还有听力场景、会根据你的回复变化的聊天、察言观色的选择、文化卡片和一集短剧。学过的单词会在你快要忘记之前回来复习。完全免费，无需账号：学习进度保存在你的浏览器里。
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