AdultLingo日语课程 › 第 1 部分 › 第 2 单元
🍸 日语：酒吧与喝酒
玩转夜店酒吧和鸡尾酒文化。
🌐 目前，本页和应用中的课程内容（词义、注释和讲解）仍以英文呈现，界面已是中文。
“Tokyo after dark. Skip the chain pubs; I know a six-seat bar up a staircase in Golden Gai. First round's on me. The Japanese is on you.” — Joe，本单元的主持人
免费练习这个单元 ➔日语核心单词和短语
| 日语 | 词义 |
|---|---|
| とりあえずtoriaezu | for now, to start with |
| ビールbīru | beer |
| とりあえずビールtoriaezu bīru | a beer to start |
| ハイボールhaibōru | whisky highball |
| 一つhitotsu | one (thing) |
| くださいkudasai | please (give me) |
| 生ビールnama bīru | draft beer |
| 日本酒nihonshu | sake |
| 焼酎shōchū | shochu (distilled spirit) |
| お冷ohiya | glass of water |
| おすすめosusume | recommendation |
| 今日kyō | today |
| 私もwatashi mo | me too |
| 同じonaji | same |
| 飲むnomu | to drink |
| 何nani | what |
| おごるogoru | to treat, to pay for (casual) |
| 割り勘warikan | splitting the bill |
| 一杯ippai | one drink, a glass |
| おかわりokawari | a refill, another round |
| ノンアルnon-aru | non-alcoholic |
| お言葉に甘えてokotoba ni amaete | I'll take you up on that (accepting a kind offer) |
| 次tsugi | next |
| 今夜kon'ya | tonight |
| 乾杯kanpai | cheers, a toast |
| 今夜に乾杯kon'ya ni kanpai | here's to tonight |
| 出会いdeai | meeting, crossing paths |
| グラスgurasu | glass |
| 注ぐtsugu | to pour |
| お酌oshaku | pouring someone's drink |
| 一気ikki | chugging in one go |
| 空くaku | to become empty |
| 〜なくていいnakute ii | don't have to ~ |
| 終電shūden | last train |
| 始発shihatsu | first train |
| もう一軒mō ikken | one more bar |
| お会計okaikei | the bill, the check |
| タクシーtakushī | taxi |
| 何時nanji | what time |
| 大丈夫daijōbu | OK, all right |
| お水omizu | water |
| お願いしますonegai shimasu | please (request) |
| お通しotōshi | small starter served with a table charge |
| チャージchāji | cover charge, seat charge |
| はしごhashigo | bar-hopping (lit. ladder) |
| 二次会nijikai | second party, the after-party |
例句
One highball, please.
I'll have the same, please.
Let me buy you a drink.
next round is on me
Let's toast to tonight!
Your glass is empty. Shall I pour?
What time's your last train?
You OK? Want some water?
本单元的一段对话
Golden Gai, Thursday night. The six-seat bar is nearly full when Malèna climbs the stairs. The only free stool is next to Joe.
Joe: ここ、空いてるよ。どうぞ。This one's free. Go ahead.
Malèna: ありがとう。……メニューは？Thank you. …Is there a menu?
Joe: ないよ。飲みたいものをママに言えばいい。There isn't one. Just tell the mama what you'd like to drink.
Malèna: お酒はあまり飲まないの。強くないのがいいな。I don't drink much. Something not too strong would be nice.
Joe: じゃあ、梅酒のソーダ割りは？一杯おごらせて。Then how about plum wine with soda? Let me buy you one.
Malèna: おごらせて？会って、まだ五分よ。Let you treat me? We met five minutes ago.
Malèna: ふふ。いいわ。じゃあ……五分に乾杯。Heh. All right. Then… to five minutes.
文化笔记
An after-work drink in Shinjuku. The beers arrive, and Anya is thirsty, but nobody has touched theirs yet. What should Anya do with her beer?
Wait until everyone has a drink and the group says 乾杯 together.
Across Japan, the first sip waits for 乾杯. At a group drink (飲み会) everyone waits until each person has a glass, someone may say a few words, and then the whole table toasts. Drinking before it is a small but noticed faux pas. After that first toast, drink at your own pace.
像本地人一样说： みんな、グラスある？じゃあ、乾杯！ — Everyone got a glass? Then, cheers!
A big bottle of beer is on the table for everyone to share. Joe's glass is empty, and so is Anya's. What does Joe do?
Pour for Anya, and let her pour for him.
In Japan, with a shared bottle of beer or sake you pour for others, not yourself, and someone pours for you in return (お酌). Holding your glass up while it's filled is polite. Don't want more? Leave some in your glass or just say so; nobody should keep topping you up after that.
像本地人一样说： お注ぎしますね。 — Let me pour for you.
At an izakaya, a small dish of simmered vegetables lands in front of Anya before she has ordered any food. Later there's a few-hundred-yen line for it on the bill. What is going on?
It's the お通し: a small starter everyone gets, with a table charge.
Most izakaya in Japan, and many bars, serve a small appetiser called お通し (in Kansai, 突き出し) as soon as you sit down. It works like a cover charge, usually a few hundred yen per person, and it's normal, not a scam.
像本地人一样说： これ、お通しですか？ — Is this the otōshi?
Golden Gai, Shinjuku: a few narrow lanes packed with tiny bars, many seating fewer than ten people. A sign on one door says チャージ. What does チャージ on a Golden Gai door tell Anya?
There's a per-person seat charge on top of the drinks.
Many of the couple of hundred tiny bars in Tokyo's Golden Gai add a チャージ (or 席料, a seat charge) per person on top of your drinks. Some post it on the door, often in English too; a few are for regulars only. With six stools, a seat is part of what the bar sells, so ask before you sit down and there are no surprises.
像本地人一样说： すみません、チャージはいくらですか？ — Excuse me, how much is the seat charge?
Ten p.m. The work party's izakaya course is over, and the organiser stands up and calls out: 二次会、行く人？ What is the organiser asking?
Who wants to move on to a second party somewhere else.
In Japan a group night often moves on: the 二次会 (second party, often karaoke or another bar), sometimes a 三次会 after that. Going from bar to bar is はしご (酒), "ladder drinking". Leaving after the first party is completely normal: a cheerful お先に失礼します ("excuse me for leaving first") and you're free.
像本地人一样说： 二次会、どこ行く？はしごしよう！ — Where shall we go for round two? Let's bar-hop!
系统地学
在应用里，Joe会用简短的课程带你学完这个单元：选择题、配对和拼词造句，配有音频，还有听力场景、会根据你的回复变化的聊天、察言观色的选择、文化卡片和一集短剧。学过的单词会在你快要忘记之前回来复习。完全免费，无需账号：学习进度保存在你的浏览器里。
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